Exam #1
Exam #2
Exam #3
Exam #4
Random
100
Which acid base imbalance will hyperventilation cause?
Respiratory alkalosis
100
What is a normal WBC count and what is a patient with leukemia at risk for?
WBCs = 4500 to 11,000/mm3
Leukemia pts have a HIGH WBC count but these WBCs are immature & do not work so they are at an increased risk of INFECTION
100
What are the 3 layers of the heart?
Endocardium = inner layer
Myocardium = middle layer
Epicardium = outer layer
Pericardium = sac around heart
100
SINUS TACH
Treat underlying cause
100
What is the treatment for a patient with polycythemia vera?
Phelbotomy, fluids, aspirin
200
What will the vital signs be if the patient is in fluid volume deficit?
Low BP, High HR, high RR
200
What is the normal lab value for platelets?
150,000 to 400,000
200
What are some causes of endocarditis?
"DRUMS"
Dental work
Resistance to antibiotics
Untreated strep throat (rheumatic fever)
Major heart surgery
Stabbing self with dirty needles
200
SVT
Vagal & Give Adenosine (med will stop heart for a second)
200
If your patient has hemophilia, they are at an increased risk for ________
Bleeding
300
List normal values for pH, PaCO2, HCO3
pH 7.35-7.45
PaCO2 35-45
HCO3 22-26
300
What electrolyte imbalance is someone with multiple myeloma at risk for?
HYPERcalcemia due to bones breaking down
300
What is the main difference between left & right sided heart failure?
LEFT = fluid in LUNGS
RIGHT = fluid in BODY
300
A-FIB
Give beta blocker & blood thinner. If unstable, may need to cardiovert
300
Interpret the ABG:
pH 7.66
PaCO2 28
HCO3 30
Respiratory Alkalosis, partially compensated
400
Which electrolytes will show a positive chvosteks & trousseaus sign?
HYPOmagnesemia
HYPOcalcemia
400
What is the inpatient treatment for sickle cell crisis? (List three)
"HOP"
hydration, oxygen, pain control
400
What is the treatment for an MI?
"MONA"
morphine, oxygen, nitro, aspirin
400
V-FIB
CPR & SHOC, Follow ACLS
(V-FIB = DEFIB)
400
What acid-base imbalance will a patient have who is having severe diarrhea?
Metabolic acidosis (remember "ass"idosis)
500
What acid base imbalance will a patient develop with severe vomiting?
Metabolic alkalosis
500
Why would a patient with anemia be short of breath?
Less RBC means less hemoglobin to carry oxygen to the body
500
What should you monitor before giving digoxin?
HR over 60 bmp (listen to apical pulse for 1 min)
Potassium level
500
V-TACH
If pulse- Vagal, give cardiac meds, may cardiovert
If no pulse- CPR & SHOCK. Follow ACLS
500
What should you teach your patient to avoid taking iron tablets with? (this will decrease absorption)
Milk (should take with something acidic like orange juice)