Key Terms
Refers to the food that we eat and the nutrients they contain. Balance requires carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
Nutrition
Electrolyte serum level of... 3.5 mEq/L - 5.1 mEq/L
Hint: ___kalemia
Potassium
The body is thought to be separated into 2 different spaces regarding fluid
Intracellular & Extracellular
Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins form the bulk of our diet and are called...
Macronutrients
Promotes water reabsorption from the kidney tubule back into the blood, reducing water output from the body
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
The method in which the body uses nutrients after they have been digested, absorbed, and transported into cells
Metabolism
Electrolyte serum level of... 136 mEq/L - 145 mEq/L
Hint: ___natremia
Sodium
Extracellular fluid consists mainly of the liquid part of whole blood called plasma, and the ________ _____ that surrounds the cells
Interstitial fluid
Protein compounds that are produced by liver cells; such as albumin, prothrombin, and fibrinogen.
Plasma proteins
Helps regulate carbohydrate metabolism by accelerating glucose transport through cell membranes
Insulin
The process that builds nutrient molecules and combines smaller molecules into complex chemical compounds
Anabolism
Electrolyte serum level of... 8.4 mg/dL - 10.5 mg/dL
Hint: ___calcemia
Calcium
Water vapor from exhaling, sweating, urinating, and water loss in stool are factors that result in what?
Routes of fluid loss from the body
Vitamins and minerals are only required in small quantities in our body, therefore they are considered...
Micronutrients
Increases sodium reabsorption from the kidney tubules while also increasing water reabsorption, because water follows sodium
Aldosterone Hormone
Catabolism
An abnormal spasm of facial muscles triggered by light taps on the cheek to stimulate the facial nerve (CN VII), often seen in hypocalcemic patients
Chvostek sign
The effect of an increase in capillary blood pressure is used to transfer fluid from blood and interstitial fluid volumes. It changes blood and interstitial fluid volumes
Fluid shift
Breaking down of glycogen to release glucose molecules to make ATP. AKA glucose catabolism
Glycogenolysis
Released when blood volume is higher than normal, stimulating the promotion of sodium to be loss from the blood into the kidney tubules
Atrial Natriuretic Hormone (ANH)
Occurs when nutrient molecules enter cells and undergo various chemical changes
Assimilation
Males will have about an average of 60% of their body mass composed of water, females will have an average of 50% of their body composed of water. This is known as what?
Body fluid volumes
Capillary blood pressure pushes fluid out of the blood and into the IF, it is known as what type of force?
Water-pushing force
Consists of a series of reactions that join glucose molecules together to form glycogen (animal starch). AKA glucose anabolism
Glycogenesis
Hormones, neurotransmitters, emotions, environmental cues, food sensations, habits, and more all affect what area of the diencephalon in the hypothalamus
Appetite & Satiety center