Gel Electrophoresis
Autopsies
Pictures
Timeline of Death
Toxicology
100
Whose blood matches that found at the scene?
Mike
100
Which of the following describes the place dead bodies are kept while they await an autopsy, identification, or burial?
a. Body Farm
b. Morgue
c. Autopsy
d. Funeral Home
b. Morgue
100
What does this image show?
Decomposition
100
Which of the following does NOT occur within the first 24 hours of death?
a. Livor mortis
b. Algor mortis (temperature change)
c. Rigor mortis
d. Decomposition
d. Decomposition
100
Name three criteria that are assessed during a toxicology test of a substance? Ex: texture
Color, texture, reaction to water, reaction to ferric nitrate, reaction to hydrochloric acid, pH
200
What is the approximate size of this restriction fragment?
130-140 bp
200
Classify each as the cause, mechanism, or manner of death.
Strangulation
Homicide
Asphyxiation
Strangulation - cause
Homicide - manner
Asphyxiation - mechanism
200
What does this image show?
Livor mortis
200
What is the difference between algor, rigor, and livor mortis?
Algor - change in temp. after death
Rigor - stiffening of body muscles
Livor - blood settles in the part of body near the ground
200
Identify if the following are examples of toxins or toxicants.
Gasoline
Posion Ivy
Botulism (produced by a bacteria)
Pesticides
Gasoline - toxicant
Posion Ivy - toxin
Botulism (produced by a bacteria) - toxin
Pesticides - toxicant
300
When DNA is traveling through an agarose gel, larger fragments will move _________ smaller fragments.
a. slower than
b. faster than
c. at the same rate as
a. slower than
300
During a myocardial infarction (heart attack), blood flow to the heart is blocked, and the heart cannot get enough oxygen. This can cause the heart muscle to die and lead to death of the individual.
Does this describe the cause, mechanism, or manner of death?
Mechanism (physiological change in the body that causes death).
300
What does this picture show?
Rigor mortis
300
Place these in order in relation to time of death (what happens first --> last).
Livor mortis, decomposition, algor mortis, rigor mortis
1. Algor mortis (change in temp)
2. Livor mortis
3. Rigor mortis
4. Decomposition
300
What is the difference between a toxin and a toxicant?
Toxins are naturally occurring poisons produced by living organisms.
Toxicants are poisons manufactured by humans.
400
Why are restriction enzymes needed before gel electrophoresis?
a. To make many copies of the DNA
b. To extract DNA from an individual
c. To cut the DNA into fragments
d. To glue DNA fragments together
c. To cut the DNA into fragments
400
What section of an autopsy report includes changes to the body seen after death?
a. External Examination
b. Internal Examination
c. Postmortem Changes
d. Toxicology Results
c. Postmortem Changes
400
What does this picture show?
Gel Electrophoresis chamber/process
400
An individual is found dead in their home. They were found at 12:30 pm, and their temperature was taken at 1 pm. The rectal temperature of the individual was 82 degrees F. Use the Glaister equation to determine time of death. Round to the nearest hour.
2 am (11 hours ago)
400
Toxicology is the "study of poisons." Typically, poisons such as drugs and alcohol, are ingested. Which body system would it be best to study if you were a toxicologist?
Digestive System
500
EcoRI cuts at the sequence below. How many fragments would be made if this DNA was cut?
G^AATTC
CTTAA^G
ATCGAATTCGGCTAGAATTCAT
TAGCTTAAGCCGATCTTAAGTA
3 Fragments
ATCG^AATTCGGCTAG^AATTCAT
TAGCTTAA^GCCGATCTTAA^GTA
500
Following an autopsy, the medical examiner noted that the cause of death was COPD, which affects the lungs and a person's ability to breathe. What body system does COPD affect?
Respiratory System
500
What do the scissors in this image represent?
Restriction enzymes
500
Why is time of death difficult to determine?
There are many factors to consider (state of the body, Glaister equation, etc.)
Ambient temperature can affect rate of cooling, making the Glaister equation not accurate.
500
The toxicology lab we performed on the pill in Anna's stomach was a ________ test because ________.
(presumptive or confirmatory)
Presumptive. We cannot be certain about the identity of the pill until a confirmatory test is performed.