Renal Medications
Musculoskeletal Medications
Endocrine Medications
Respiratory Medications
Cardiac Medications
100

Which medication class is indicated for the management of long-term open-angle glaucoma and high altitude sickness?

  • A) Loop diuretics
  • B) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
  • C) Potassium-sparing diuretics
  • D) Thiazide diuretics

 

  • B) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
100

What is the primary therapeutic effect of baclofen (Lioresal) and cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)?

  • A) Reduction of bone resorption
  • B) Inhibition of inflammatory response
  • C) Relief of pain associated with skeletal muscle spasms
  • D) Stimulation of estrogen receptors
  • C) Relief of pain associated with skeletal muscle spasms
100

Which medication is indicated for the treatment of all forms of hypothyroidism by stimulating beta receptors and inducing metabolic changes in protein, carbohydrates, and lipids?

  • A) Methimazole (Tapazole)
  • B) Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
  • C) Propylthiouracil (PTU)
  • D) Cosyntropin (Cortrosyn)
  • B) Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
100

Which medication is commonly used to suppress non-productive coughs but should be avoided in patients with asthma and head injury?

  • A. Dextromethorphan
  • B. Benzonatate
  • C. Codeine
  • D. Guaifenesin
  • C. Codeine
100

A patient with hypertension is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). What is the primary mechanism of action of HCTZ in treating hypertension?

A) Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
B) Inhibition of sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule
C) Blockade of beta-adrenergic receptors
D) Inhibition of calcium influx into vascular smooth muscle

B) Inhibition of sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule

200

The nurse is caring for a patient receiving furosemide (Lasix). Which potential side effect should be closely monitored?

  • A) Hypertension
  • B) Hyperglycemia
  • C) Hypokalemia
  • D) Hypernatremia
  • C) Hypokalemia
200

Why is it important for patients taking dantrolene (Dantrium) to receive regular monitoring of liver function?

  • A) Due to the risk of nephrotoxicity
  • B) Because of potential ototoxicity
  • C) To assess for risk of red man syndrome
  • D) As dantrolene can cause hepatotoxicity
  • D) As dantrolene can cause hepatotoxicity
200

The nurse is caring for a patient with hyperthyroidism receiving methimazole (Tapazole). Which finding would require immediate intervention?

  • A) Elevated liver enzymes
  • B) Fatigue and lethargy
  • C) Symptoms of hypothyroidism
  • D) Signs of liver injury and hepatitis
  • D) Signs of liver injury and hepatitis
200

A patient is prescribed dextromethorphan for cough suppression. What should the nurse instruct the patient to avoid while taking this medication?

  • A. Alcohol
  • B. NSAIDs
  • C. High-fiber foods
  • D. Caffeine-containing beverages
  • A. Alcohol
200

A patient receiving clonidine (Catapres) for hypertension reports feeling dizzy and sedated. What adverse effects are commonly associated with clonidine use?

A) Dry mouth and rebound hypertension
B) Tachycardia and orthostatic hypotension
C) Hyperkalemia and edema
D) Bradycardia and gastrointestinal upset

A) Dry mouth and rebound hypertension

300

What is the primary action of thiazide diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide?

  • A) Inhibit aldosterone receptors
  • B) Inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal tubule
  • C) Increase potassium excretion
  • D) Dilate blood vessels
  • B) Inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal tubule
300

A patient is prescribed alendronate (Fosamax) for osteoporosis prevention. What patient education should the nurse provide regarding administration?

  • A) Take the medication at bedtime with food
  • B) Ingest the medication with a full glass of water upon waking
  • C) Sit upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication
  • D) Crush the tablets before ingestion for better absorption
  • C) Sit upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication
300

A patient is prescribed cosyntropin (Cortrosyn) for adrenal insufficiency. What precaution should the nurse include in the teaching plan for this patient?

  • A) Decrease sodium and potassium intake
  • B) Monitor for symptoms of hyperthyroidism
  • C) Avoid vaccinations during therapy
  • D) Encourage high-potassium foods in the diet
  • C) Avoid vaccinations during therapy
300

Which medication for cough suppression should patients avoid chewing or sucking, as it may cause numbness of the throat or mouth?

  • A. Guaifenesin
  • B. Dextromethorphan
  • C. Benzonatate
  • D. Codeine
  • C. Benzonatate
300

Prazosin (Minipress) is prescribed for a patient with hypertension. What patient teaching should the nurse prioritize for this medication?

A) Increase fluid intake to prevent dehydration
B) Take the first dose in the morning to avoid nocturia
C) Monitor blood pressure closely for hypertension
D) Use caution when changing positions due to orthostatic hypotension

D) Use caution when changing positions due to orthostatic hypotension

400

A patient is prescribed spironolactone (Aldactone) for heart failure. What teaching point is essential to prevent potential complications?

  • A) Encourage increased potassium intake
  • B) Monitor for signs of hypokalemia
  • C) Limit dietary sodium intake
  • D) Avoid consumption of potassium-rich foods
  • D) Avoid consumption of potassium-rich foods
400

When caring for a patient receiving vancomycin, what intervention is crucial to prevent the occurrence of red man syndrome?

  • A) Administer the medication rapidly via IV push
  • B) Ensure slow infusion of the medication over at least 60 minutes
  • C) Monitor renal function hourly
  • D) Increase fluid intake during vancomycin therapy
  • B) Ensure slow infusion of the medication over at least 60 minutes
400

A child with growth hormone deficiency is prescribed somatropin (growth hormone). What is a priority nursing intervention related to this therapy?

  • A) Monitor for signs of hypothyroidism
  • B) Rotate nostrils when administering nasal spray
  • C) Monitor for signs of liver toxicity
  • D) Keep a journal of the child's growth patterns
  • D) Keep a journal of the child's growth patterns
400

A patient with renal impairment presents with a persistent cough. Which antitussive medication should be avoided in this patient population due to potential adverse effects?

  • A. Codeine
  • B. Dextromethorphan
  • C. Benzonatate
  • D. Hydrocodone
  • D. Hydrocodone
400

Which medication class is known for blocking both beta1 and beta2 adrenergic receptors, leading to decreased heart rate and contractility?

A) ACE Inhibitors
B) ARBs (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers)
C) Beta Blockers
D) Calcium Channel Blockers

C) Beta Blockers

500

The nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin IV to a patient with pyelonephritis. What precaution is important during administration?

  • A) Administer rapidly to prevent infection spread
  • B) Monitor for signs of hypotension
  • C) Infuse over at least one hour
  • D) Check the patient's peak expiratory flow rate
  • C) Infuse over at least one hour
500

A patient with a history of renal disease and gout is prescribed colchicine (Colcrys). What precaution is most important for the nurse to communicate to this patient?

  • A) Limit fluid intake to avoid exacerbating renal function
  • B) Monitor for gastrointestinal bleeding and ulceration
  • C) Report any signs of joint pain or swelling immediately
  • D) Ensure adherence to prescribed renal medications
  • B) Monitor for gastrointestinal bleeding and ulceration
500

A patient receiving octreotide (Sandostatin) is at risk for impaired gallbladder function. What assessment finding should prompt immediate action by the nurse?

  • A) Nausea and vomiting
  • B) Headache and arthralgia
  • C) Abdominal pain
  • D) Cardiac dysrhythmias
  • C) Abdominal pain
500

A nurse is caring for a patient who is prescribed loratadine for allergic rhinitis. What advice should the nurse provide regarding this medication's potential side effects?

  • A. Expect mild drowsiness to deep sleep.
  • B. Instruct to avoid consumption of alcohol and other CNS depressants.
  • C. Teach to take the medication with meals to reduce GI upset.
  • D. Sucking or chewing the medication may cause throat numbness.
  • B. Instruct to avoid consumption of alcohol and other CNS depressants.
500

What is the primary mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure?

A) Blockade of calcium influx into vascular smooth muscle
B) Inhibition of angiotensin II receptors
C) Prevention of bradykinin breakdown, leading to vasodilation
D) Blockade of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)

D) Blockade of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)

M
e
n
u