Throat Stuff
During swallowing, this serves as a protective structure by dropping to cover the orifice of the larynx
Epiglottis
The VF, which vibrate to produce sound, are housed in the _____
Larynx
The angular gyrus is located in the _____
Parietal lobe
The rib cage consists of this many pairs of ribs
12
This muscle is the primary muscle of inspiration
Diaphragm
List three biological functions of the trachea
Closure so food/etc does not enter lungs, cough reflex to expel foreign substances, closure of VF to build subglottic pressure for lifting items/etc
The VF _____ (move toward the midline) and _____ (move away from the midline) as they vibrate
adduct = move toward midline, abduct = move away from the midline
abduction = abducted/taken away
This thick broad band of myelinated fibers connects the two hemispheres at their base
Corpus callosum
List the three parts of the sternum
Manubrium, corpus (body), and xiphoid process
List the three muscles of the neck involved in the process of respiration
Sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, scalenes
This structure is the largest laryngeal cartilage and forms the anterior and lateral walls of the larynx
Thyroid cartilage
The internal thyroarytenoid muscle is commonly referred to as _____.
Vocal folds
This controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles on the opposite side of the body
Primary motor cortex (motor strip)
All extrinsic laryngeal muscles are attached to this structure.
Hyoid bone
Muscle fibers insert into the _____ of the diaphragm and contract to pull it down/forward to expand the thoracic cavity
Central tendon
Vocal process and muscular process
This muscle is the only intrinsic muscle of the larynx that ABducts the VF
Internally, the brainstem consists of these three structures
Longitudinal fiber tracts, cranial nerve nuclei, and reticular formation
The _____ attach above the hyoid bone and the _____ attach below the hyoid bone
elevators (suprahyoid muscles); depressors (infrahyoid muscles)
All intrinsic muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid are innervated by THIS cranial nerve
Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) branch of cranial nerve X [vagus].
The cricothyroid muscle is innervated by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve branch of X [vagus]
These small, cone-shaped cartilages sit on the apex of the arytenoids and assist in reducing the laryngeal opening when a person is swallowing
Corniculate
List the three main VF layers from superficial to deepest
Epithelium, lamina propria (superficial, intermediate, and deep), and vocalis muscle
When an excessive amount of CO2 in the blood cells creates a need for O2, the _____ in the brainstem fires impulses to the respiratory muscles
Medulla oblongata
List the numbers and names of the five segments of the vertebrae of the spinal column
7 cervical vertebrae; 12 thoracic vertebrae; 5 lumbar vertebrae; 5 sacral vertebrae (fused in adults and called the sacrum); 3-4 coccygeal vertebrae (fused and called the coccyx)
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
The intrinsic laryngeal muscles are primarily responsible for _____. Name the six intrinsic muscles of the larynx
(Hint, 5/6 end in "--arytenoid").
Controlling sound production.
Thyroarytenoid, lateral cricoarytenoid, transverse arytenoid, oblique arytenoid, cricoTHYROID, posterior cricoarytenoid
T LC T O CT PC