A&P Changes in Pregnancy
Pregnancy Development
Pregnancy Development II
Placenta and Cord
Prenatal Care
100
another term for stretch marks and common places they are found in pregnancy

striae gravidarum; breast, abdomen and thighs

100

fertilized ovum, now diploid with half of its chromosomes from one patient, and half from the other

zygote
100

earliest form of embryo that can be seen on ultrasound

fetal pole

100

the umbilical cord contains __ artery(s) and __ vein(s)

2; 1

100

Difference between nurse midwives and lay midwives

Nurse Midwives: RNs with advanced education and training that allows them to supervise and manage their own patients

Lay midwives: not trained in nursing; trained through apprenticeship, midwifery programs and self study

200

blood levels of thyroid hormones are typically (increased or decreased) during pregnancy

increased

200

Implantation occurs __ days after fertilization.

6-10 days

200

an opening in the heart wall, connecting right and left atrium. Normal finding in embryo and fetus, abnormal after birth

foramen ovale

200

the placenta grows wider until __ weeks, at which point it continues to grow thicker but does not expand outward

20 

200

Recommended caffeine limit during pregnancy

200 mg or less

300

two hormones produced by pituitary gland necessary for lactation

prolactin and oxytocin

300

Critical task of embryonic stage

fetal organ development 

300

vulnerability to teratogens declines in most structures during this stage

fetal stage

300

three primary functions of the placenta

circulation, protection and hormone production

300

Routine OB care schedule

first appointment end of first trimester; monthly until 28 weeks, bi-weekly 28-36 weeks; weekly until delivery

400

overall cardiac output increases as much as __%  in pregnancy, made possible by heart rate increase of __-__ BPM

50; 15-20

400

first functional organ system to develop in an embryo

cardiovascular

400

Monozygotic vs. Dizygotic 

mono- multiple pregnancy result of fertilization and division of a single ova

di- fertilization of two ova

400

5 hormones produced by the placenta

hcg, hcs, progesterone, estrogen, and relaxin

400

Foods/drink recommended to avoid in pregnancy

raw fish/meat, alfalfa sprouts, alcohol, undercooked eggs, lunch meat, soft/unpasteurized cheese, raw/unpasteurized milk

500

total blood volume increases by __%-__%

40-45

500

moves oxygenated blood from umbilical vein to inferior vena cava

ductus venosus

500

allows for blood to be shunted directly between the pulmonary artery and descending aorta, bypassing the lungs

ductus arteriosus

500

functional part of the placenta

synctiotrophoblast

500

benefits of exercise in pregnancy

aids in alleviating discomforts, avoid excess weight gain, lower risk of GDM, reduce urinary incontinence, reduce risk of macrosomia, decreased risk of pre-e/hypertension

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