Trunk Extension (1)
Erector Spinae![]()
Elevation (2)
Upper Trapezius
Levator Scapulae
Shoulder flexion (2)
anterior deltoid
Coracobrachialis
Elbow flexion (3)
biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis
Wrist flexion (2)
Flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris

Trunk Rotation (2)
External Oblique, Internal Oblique
Shoulder protraction (2)
Pectoralis Minor
Serratus anterior
Shoulder Extension (3)
latissimus dorsi, teres major, posterior
deltoid
Elbow Extension (2)
triceps brachii & anconeus

Wrist Extension (3)
Extensor carpi radialis longus, Extensor radialis brevis, and Extensor carpi ulnaris

Trunk Lateral Flexion (3)
Internal Oblique, External Oblique, Erector Spinae
Shoulder retraction (3)
Middle trapezius, Rhomboid major, Rhomboid minor
Shoulder ABduction (1) and adduction (2)
Ab- middle deltoid
Ad- latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major
Pronator teres & Pronator quadratus

Name an example of a task for each power grip:
-Cylindrical, Spherical, Hook
Cylindrical: ex. holding a soda can
Spherical: ex. ball
Hook: ex. handle of a suitcase
Trunk Flexion (3)
Rectus Abdominus, External Oblique, Internal Oblique
Upward Rotation of scapula (1)
& Downward Rotation of Scapula (2)
Up -Serratus anterior
Down-Rhomboid major & minor
Shoulder horizontal ABduction (1) & adduction (1)
Ab: posterior deltoid
ad: pectoralis major
Forearm Supination (2)
Supinator & biceps brachii

- Lateral, tip to tip, three jaw chuck
lateral: holding a key, holding a fork
tip to tip: picking lint off a shirt
Three jaw chuck: holding a pencil
During an anterior pelvic tilt, which muscles are elongated and which are shortened?
hamstrings and trunk flexors (abs) are elongated
trunk extensors are shortened
Give me an example of a closed-chain task and an open-chain task involving the shoulder
Open-chain: anything in which the distal end of the limb is free to move and the proximal segments remain stationary
Closed-chain: the distal end of the limb remains fixed while the proximal segments are mobilized
internal: subscapularis
external: infraspinatus & teres minor
What are the 3 major nerves of the forearm?
Radial, Ulnar, Median

Which condition involves compression of the median nerve, weakens thenar muscles, and typically involves night pain?
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
