Artworks
Giovanni Vasari, in a 16th century work of artistic propaganda, here shows ________________ surrounded by __________________ , well-earning his reputation as the "Needle of the Italian Compass".
Lorenzo Il Magnifico, foreign rulers
This building was the official seat of Florence's government throughout the Renaissance period
the Palazzo Vecchio
During the Middle Ages, many Italian city states were dominated by these structures, constructed by hostile nobles families for both defense and as symbols of their power. Bologna, most famously, was dominated by upwards of 200 of them around the year 1100..
towers
Petrarch - the great humanist poet and philosopher - famously discovered a cache of letters by THIS famous Roman writer in the basement of the Verona Cathedral library. The Renaissance is sometimes said to have begun with this event.
Cicero
These 2 paintings well-represent two characteristic qualities of Venetian Renaissance art: the clever use of _____________ and use of many ____________ .
light, colors
The city republics of northern Italy - often riven by internal factionalism - would often utilize the mediating services of a Podesta, an official thought to be above faction because he was ______________
Rediscovered ancient Greek knowledge was a primary catalyst of the Renaissance. Greek TEXTS came to Italy as _____________ was reconquered by Christians from the Muslims. In contrast, Greek TEACHERS fled to Italy as Muslims conquered the Christian empire whose capital was at ______________ .
Spain, Constantinople
Contessina de Bard, wife of Cosimo de Medici was the daughter of a famous Florentine ____________ and she was known for her ___________ .
Banking, outspokenness
The courtyard here of Palazzo Medici with its classically decorated columns, Roman arches and central fountain is the epitome of Renaissance architecture. The architect here was a Medici favorite - such a close associate that he even followed Cosimo into exile in 1433. His name was ________________ .
Michelozzo
Albizzi
From 1378-1382, Florence's republic fell under radical rule of its lowest social class, the wool carders, know more commonly as the "The _________ ".
The Ciompi
Galeazzo Maria Sforza, the Duke of Milan, was also a famous ______________ , or military commander for hire. These mercenary captains and their armies dominated the military landscape of Renaissance Italy.
Condottiere
These doors of the Florentine Baptistery, the subject of a dramatic 1400 contest between Ghiberti and Brunelleschi, were so elegantly carved that Michaelangelo later named them the "__________ of __________ "
Gates of Paradise
Signoria
provide military aid against the Ottoman Turks
submission to the authority of Rome
Rome, securing support from powerful families OUTSIDE Florence
Giotto's masterwork - the Scrovegni Chapel at Padua - incorporated many of the innovations which differentiated Italo-Byzantine art from the new "Florentine" style. TWO examples of those innovations - visible in this panel example from the chapel - include:
Natural / Lifelike Gestures
Three Dimensional Figures
Realistic Portrayal of Clothing/Poses
Detailed Architectural/Landscape
Deliberate use of Space
Moving away from Gilding
The most democratic institution of most medieval / Renaissance city states was the "Parlamento". This was a mass meeting of all males aged _________ and above in the city, and Parlamentos were usually called to approve _____________________ .
14, changes of government
The executive of the Florentine Republic, an office refilled (in theory) by lot every 2 months was the Standard Bearer of Justice. In Italian, this was called the ______________
Gonfaloniere
King Ferrante of Naples was famously cruel and vengeful. Perhaps most famously, in order to intimidate important visitors to his royal palace, he would give them a guided tour of his ____________________ .
Museum of Mummies