People
A journalist and politician in Boston, organized protests against the Sugar Act, which was repealed in 1766.
Samuel Adams
Cousin of Sam Adams, defended the soldiers on trial stating that they used self-defense and were to be found innocent. Sam Adams and others used this incident as a way to win public support against the British
John Adams
Helped by shipping supplies to the Americans. He commanded Spanish troops against the British in Louisiana and protected the city of New Orleans from the British attacks; later, he defeated British troops in Florida.
Hernardo de Galvez
To stop protests and unrest, the British sent 4000 soldiers to the colonies, equal to 1/4th of the population in Boston. They were resented by colonists immediately. They also were poorly paid so they had to get second jobs. In doing so, they took jobs needed by colonists. In 1770, boiling points reached its peak when soldiers shot and killed several protesters that were throwing snowballs at the soldiers.
Boston Massacre
The Winter of 1777-78 at Valley Forge
Enlightenment writer wrote that the government was a “social contract.” He said the purpose of government was to protect individual freedom and property. If they failed to do so, Locke argued that citizens had the right to overthrow them
John Locke
With her husband off fighting, Mercy wrote the first history of the American Revolution that included notes from meeting and conversations. Her ideas and writings convinced many people in the colonies to take up the patriot cause
Mercy Otis Warren
A successful Jewish merchant and banker that came from Poland. He helped finance Washington’s political campaign, gave interest-free private loans the government, as well as to key revolutionary leaders
Haym Solomon
Accused officials could be tried in Britain instead of the colonies. The British government declared the right to “quarter,” or house British soldiers in unoccupied buildings in the colonies.
"Quartering Act"
In response to colonial protests, the British again canceled all of the new taxes except the duty on tea. In December of 1773, a group of colonists dressed up as Mohawk Indians, boarded three British ships in the Boston Harbor and seized 45 tons of tea. They protested the tax on tea by dumping it into the Boston Harbor.
Boston Tea Party
Enlightenment writer stated that the rights of individuals in English law could not be violated, even by the king
William Blackstone
Commander General John Burgoyne, was defeated at Saratoga in 1777 by
General Horatio Gates.
An African-American slave who acted as a spy. General Lafayette allow him to pose as an escaped slave so he could travel freely between both armies. He acted as a guide for the British, then sent back what he learned to Lafayette
James Armistead
These acts put special taxes on goods used in the colonies, including glass and lead, but did so without the consent of the colonists so many protested once again.
Townshend Act
Committee formed in 1772 by Sam Adams with James Warren and his wife, Mercy Otis Warren
Committee of correspondence
In Virginia this man denounced the Stamp act, and the House of Burgesses passed resolutions against it.
Patrick Henry
He is considered the first African American elected to public office in America.
Wentworth Cheswell
America’s first naval hero. He faced a much larger British warship with more firepower
John Paul Jones
Closed the Boston Harbor until the people of Boston paid for the tea they dumped. They also restricted freedom of those in Massachusetts by eliminating the elected government council.
Intolerable Acts
The Declaration of Independence went on to list grievances of the colonists against King George III
A man of mixed African and Native American ancestry, was the first colonist to die
Crispus Attucks
Foreign volunteers from France, helped train the soldiers of the Continental Army
Baron von Steuben from Germany and the Marquis de Lafayette
During the battle, when he was asked to surrender, he replied “I’ve not yet begun to fight!”
John Paul Jones
This act guaranteed the rights of the French in Canada to follow the Catholic religion. It also gave them the Ohio territory and strengthened the power of royal officials
The Quebec Act
This battle marked a turning point in the war. It helped Ben Franklin and Thomas Jefferson persuade the French government to supply military assistance to the Americans
Battle of Saratoga