Vocabulary
Parliament’s longtime practice of ____________, or not enforcing most laws governing the colonies, created a sense of individualism among the colonists.
What is salutary neglect?
Parliament’s first attempt to raise money by taxing the colonists directly, not just taxing imported goods.
Tax on paper documents
What is the Stamp Act of 1765?
a battle won by the Patriots against Hessian mercenaries
What is the Battle of Trenton?
A writer in the Massachusetts colony, disagreed with the new tax. She began writing plays that mocked British leaders for being greedy.
Who is Mercy Otis Warren?
army created by the Second Continental Congress to carry out the fight against Britain
What is the Continental Army?
a Frenchman who volunteered to serve in the Continental army without pay and used his money and influence to support the Patriots
Who is Marquis de Lafayette?
In the 1760s, settlers were moving west to the frontier and into the homelands of Native nations. To prevent conflicts over land between these settlers and Native nations, Britain’s king issued the _________________, banning colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains and recognizing the area as an American Indian Reserve.
What is the Proclamation of 1763?
In 1767, Parliament passed these Acts. These acts placed taxes on glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea. Many colonists responded to the new acts by once again boycotting British goods.
What are the Townshend Acts?
a great victory for the American forces in which British general John Burgoyne surrendered his entire army to American general Horatio Gates
What is the Battle of Saratoga?
A colonial lawyer, argued that the power of the Crown and Parliament was limited. He said they could not “take from any man any part of his property, without his consent in person or by representation.” The colonists could not “consent in person” and had no direct representatives in Parliament.
Who is James Otis?
a meeting of delegates from 12 colonies in Philadelphia in May 1775
What is the Second Continental Congress?
an enslaved Black American who worked as a spy and provided information that gave the Continental army an advantage at Yorktown
Who is James Armistead?
__________________ had huge amounts of tea but was not allowed to sell it directly to the colonists. If the company could sell tea directly to the colonists, it could charge low prices and still make money. Cheaper tea might encourage colonists to stop smuggling. Less smuggling would result in more tax money.
What is the British Tea Company?
Parliament passed the _______________. It allowed the British East India Company to sell tea directly to the colonists. Many colonial merchants and smugglers feared that the British East India Company’s cheap tea would put them out of business.
What is the Tea Act of 1773?
the last major battle of the America Revolution
What is the Battle of Yorktown?
Who is Samuel Adams?
a 47-page pamphlet that argued against British rule over America
What is Common Sense?
a woman who became famous for providing water to American soldiers, which led to her being nicknamed Molly Pitcher
Who is Mary Ludwig Hayes?
a meeting of colonial delegates in Philadelphia to decide how to respond to the closing of Boston Harbor, increased taxes, and other actions by the British government
What is the First Continental Congress?
The British prime minister was angered when he heard about the Boston Tea Party, and Parliament decided to punish Boston. In the spring of 1774, it passed the Coercive Acts, but colonists called these laws the ________________.
What are the Intolerable Acts?
a battle in Boston that demonstrated the colonists could fight well against the British army
What is the Battle of Bunker Hill?
In 1763, Great Britain won the French and Indian War, but the British Parliament still had to pay for it. The British kept a permanent army in North America to protect the colonists. To help pay for this army, British ____________ George Grenville asked Parliament to tax the colonists.
Who is the Prime Minister?
the main author of the Declaration of Independence
Who is Thomas Jefferson?
the governor of Spanish Louisiana who became a Patriot ally
Who is Bernado de Galvez?
American colonial militia members ready to fight at a minute’s notice
What are minutemen?
the coercive acts
the peace agreement in which Great Britain recognized the independence of the United States
What is the Treaty of Paris of 1783?
Two Boston lawyers, __________ and ___________—argued the soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre acted in self-defense.
Who are John Adams and Josiah Quincy?
author of Common Sense who wrote that citizens, not monarchs, should make laws
Who is Thomas Paine?
a Prussian military officer who trained the Continental army
Who is Baron Friedrich von Steuben?
colonists, sometimes called Tories, who remained loyal to Britain
Who are Loyalists?
a protest against the Tea Act in which a group of colonists boarded British tea ships and dumped more than 340 chests of tea into Boston Harbor
What is the Boston Tea Party?
a Black American sailor who was the first person killed in the Boston Massacre
Who is Crispus Attucks?
American colonists who chose to fight for independence
Who are Patriots?
the document that argued why the colonies should come together formally and that announced their break from Great Britain
What is the Declaration of Independence?
Boston leader who believed Parliament could not tax the colonists without their permission
Who is Samuel Adams?
repeated surprise attacks and efforts to limit movement of enemy troops.
What are guerilla warfare tactics?
Tax on sugar and molasses imported into the colonies.
What is the Sugar Act of 1764?
surrendered at the Battle of Yorktown
Who is Lord Cornwallis?
commander of the Continental Army
Who is George Washington?
When writing the Declaration of Independence, she asked her husband to "Remember the ladies."
Who is Abigail Adams?
known for his betrayal to the American cause
Who is Benedict Arnold?