Nouns/Adjectives
Identify the case + type of cupla in “a culpa vacuus.”
Ablative of separation.
Syntax of Inciderat
Indicative active 3rd person singular
Parcere
To spare
In line 4, what happens to people who are “a culpa vacui” when they join Catiline?
They quickly become corrupt and just like the others.
In “cotidiano usu,” what case is usu and what does it mean?
Ablative of means; “by daily practice/interaction.”
What is the person, number, voice, and mood for efficiebatur?
3rd person singular, imperfect passive indicative
Flagrabat
Was burning with passion
Why does Catiline target young men in line 5?
Their minds are soft and easily manipulated.
What noun does molles agree with in line 5, and what does the phrase mean?
molles agrees with animi, it means “minds soft.
ut cuiusque studium ex aetate flagrabat - Identify the fuction of ut (and the mood and tense of the verb)
Comparative clause + indicative (imperfect)
Translate "qui ita existumarent iuventutem" and say what clause it is with what tense the verb is.
“who even so thought the youth” - a relative clause with an imperfect verb
In 14.7, Sallust contrasts nonnullos qui ita existumarent with sed ex aliis rebus magis. What is Sallust suggesting about the reason the rumor spread?
Sallust suggests the rumor spread because Catiline's notorious bad character and previous evil behavior made people more willing to believe it, even though there actual proof.
Explain the case and meaning of sumptui in “neque sumptui parcere”
Dative with parcere (dative object) = “to spare the expense.”
dum illos obnoxios fidosque sibi faceret - Identify the construction used with dum and the syntax for faceret
Dum means dumodo. It takes the subjunctive - imperfect active 3rd person singular subjunctive.
Translate Mercari and praebere and parcere and say what type of verb it is. Why do you think he chose to put these verbs in that form?
Historical infinitives (used in narration in history), Sallust's style
To buy, to offer, and to spare
Across 14.4–7, Sallust describes a gradual process by which Catiline corrupts others. Identify two different mechanisms he uses and explain how Sallust shows that the corruption is progressive, not instant.
He does this by daily influence and enticements (14.4) and targeted gifts and indulgences (14.6). The Progression is shown by stages: first people fall into friendship, then become gradually molded, then become fully indebted and loyal.