Key Terms 1
reproduction that produces genetically identical offspring that requires only one parent
what is asexual reproduction?
reproduction that produces genetically different offspring and requires two parents
what is sexual reproduction?
a cell with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
what is a haploid?
the phase in which spindle fibres form and guide chromosomes to the centre of the cell
what is metaphase?
the phase in which the cell's nuclear membrane begins to disappear and the DNA exists as chromosomes
what is prophase 2?
stores the genetic information of an organism
what is DNA?
genetic material that is a condensed form of DNA
what is a chromosome?
a cell with a complete set of chromosomes
what is a diploid?
the phase in which a cell grows, increases the amount of organelles it has, and copies its DNA
what is interphase?
the phase in which homologous chromosome pairs are separated at each end of the cell
what is anaphase 1?
what process describes the entire life span of a cell?
what is the cell cycle?
a type of asexual reproduction where a cell splits to produce two genetically identical daughter cells
what is binary fission?
the combining of male and female reproductive cells
what is fertilization?
the phase in which the copies of DNA are separated to either end of the cell
what is anaphase?
the phase in which four nuclei form and divide into four new cells
what is telophase 2?
a type of asexual reproduction that includes the development of an outgrowth or bud, from a parent cell
what is budding?
asexual reproduction of a plant from a portion of its roots, stems, or leaves
what is vegetative propagation?
male or female reproductive cell
what is a gamete?
the phase in which the cytoplasm and organelles are divided to form two separate cells
what is cytokinesis?
the phase in which spindle fibres guide the homologous chromosome pairs to line up at the middle of the cell
what is metaphase 1?
fungi and other plant organisms have this reproductive unit used for asexual reproduction (hint: it comes from sporangium)
what is a spore?
the exchange of genetics between homologous chromosomes of which results in genetic variations in offspring
what is a crossing over?
the cell produced when the nuclei of two gametes combine; the fertilized egg during sexual reproduction
what is a zygote?
what is prophase?
the phase in which a cell's nuclear membrane disappears and its DNA condenses into duplicated chromosomes, further matching up with their homologous pairs
what is prophase 1?