Judicial Power
Established Judicial Review
What is Marbury vs. Madison
This WWI-era case created the “clear and present danger” test.
What is Schenck v. United States?
Declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.
What is Brown vs Board of Education
This case ruled that school-sponsored prayer is unconstitutional.
What is Engel v. Vitale?
This case guaranteed the right to a lawyer for defendants who cannot afford one.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
This 1819 case confirmed that states cannot tax federal institutions.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
This case protected students wearing armbands in protest of the Vietnam War.
What is Tinker v. Des Moines School District?
This case said districts drawn mainly based on race may violate Equal Protection.
What is Shaw v. Reno?
Protected free exercise of religion over certain state laws (education requirements).
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder
Incorporated the Second Amendment to apply to states.
What is Mcdonald v. Chicago
This 1995 case limited Congress’s power under the Commerce Clause.
What is United States v. Lopez?
This 1971 case ruled against prior restraint in the Pentagon Papers situation.
What is New York Times v. United States?
This case reinforced “one person, one vote” under Equal Protection.
What is Baker v. Carr?
This case established a constitutional right to privacy including abortion.
What is Roe v. Wade?
This 2010 case held that corporate political spending is protected speech.
What is Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission?