Bias
What are the two main types of bias?
Explicit and implicit
What is the process of assigning people identities to social groups based on their appearance?
Social categorization
Which theory predicts people's attitudes toward something based on two related things?
Who pioneered the IAT?
Greenwald & Banaji
How did social-cognitive psychologists first measure unconscious, or automatic, attitudes?
IAT (Implicit Associations Test)
What approach says that bias results from places and not people?
Bias of Crowds
Which ambiguous physical feature do people use to accurately judge male sexual orientation?
Hairstyle (Rule et. al, 2008)
Which theory argues people are differentially motivated to uphold societal hierarchies?
Social Dominance Theory
Which psychologists famously used a video of two-dimensional shapes interacting with one another?
Heider & Simmel
What is another measure of unconscious, or automatic, attitudes?
AMP (Affect Misattribution Procedure)
What is an example of an attitude intervention that actually stuck?
Door-to-door education about transgender people
What is an automatic behavior used to study unconscious attitudes?
Seating distance
Which principle states that if you want to measure a person's attitude about something, you should ask them about that specific attitude directly?
The Correspondence Principle
Which psychologist argued that bias is a function of location and not the individual?
Payne
What is the largest difference between the IAT and AMP?
IAT has critical trials
How do different types of bias (e.g., explicit and implicit) correlate with one another?
Weakly; depends on situation
What is the ideal mental state people strive for when thinking about how multiple thoughts hang together?
Cognitive consistency
Which theory argues people can infer their attitudes from their behavior?
Self-perception Theory
Which famous psychologist sent a postcard that would eventually spark investigation into unconscious attitudes?
Mazarin Banaji
What is the statistical technique used to investigate the relationship between latent (hidden) and manifest (measurable) variables?
SEM (Structural Equation Modeling)
What moderates the relationship above?
Interpersonal: self-presentation concern and evaluative distinctiveness
Intrapersonal: Evaluative strength and dimensionality
What is the idea called when people favor their own ethnicity over others?
Ethnocentrism
Which theory says people like to have their thoughts in order and are uncomfortable when their thoughts clash?
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Who studies social-cognitive phenomena at the University of Illinois?
Kurdi, Stern & Straka
How do social-cognitive psychologists assess how multiple methods of multiple constructs hang together?
Multitrait, multimethod matrix