This is the collection of facts, measurements, or observations gathered for reference or analysis
Data
This is a numerical description of a sample characteristic.
Statistic
This is data classified into categories with no natural order or ranking.
Nominal level of measurement
This study type applies treatments to subjects and measures the effect.
Experiment
This occurs when participants experience changes simply because they believe they received treatment.
Placebo Effect
This is the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data.
Statistics
This branch of statistics involves summarizing or describing data using tables, charts, or averages.
Descriptive Statistics
This is data classified into categories that can be ranked, but differences are not measurable.
Ordinal level of measurement
This study type uses a model or computer program to mimic real-world processes.
Simulation
This is when subjects do not know whether they are receiving treatment or a placebo.
Blinding
This is the entire group of individuals or objects under study.
Population
This branch of statistics makes generalizations, predictions, or decisions about a population based on a sample.
Inferential Statistics
This is data with ordered categories and measurable differences, but no true zero point.
Interval level of measurement
This method collects data by asking people questions.
Survey
This is when neither the subjects nor the researchers know who receives the treatment or placebo.
Double blind
This is a subset of the population chosen for study.
Sample
These are non-numeric data that describe categories or qualities.
Qualitative Data
This is data with ordered categories, measurable differences, and a meaningful zero, allowing ratios to be compared.
Ratio level of measurement
This is the standard for comparison in an experiment, often a group without treatment.
Control
This is the process of assigning subjects to groups by chance.
Randomization
This is a numerical description of a population characteristic
Parameter
These are numeric data that measure counts or amounts.
Quantitative Data
This study type observes subjects without manipulating variables.
Observational Study
These are outside factors that can influence results and make it difficult to identify cause and effect.
Confounding Variables
This design randomly assigns all subjects to either treatment or control groups.
Completely randomized design