Derivatives
Define the Latin word “sacer.” Then list and define and English word that comes from it.
Sacer: holy. Sacred: holy.
What was the Greek word for the podium?
stylobata
What is the opposite of pulcher?
Foedus, -a, -um
Vitruvius visitabat quam urbem in Etruria? (Quid est nomen urbis?)
Populonia
Explain the difference between acroteria and statuae.
Acroteria: rooftop statues of plants and animals. Statuae: statues of people.
Define the Latin word “spirare.” Then list and define and English word that comes from it.
Spirare: to breathe. Inspire: to breathe life into. Expire: to breathe out one's life/relevance.
Explain two differences between Etruscan columns and Greek columns.
Etruscan columns were made of wood and widely spaced in front of the temple. Greek columns were made of marble and spaced closely all around the temple.
"Templum erat locus in quo Romani deos colebant." Quid significat colebant?
worshiped
Name either the Etruscan architect or the Greek architect from the book (and say which it is).
Etruscan: Pesna Ramtha. Greek: Agathon
Quid augur “legit?” List two things, in Latin.
Define the Latin word “gradus.” Then list and define and English word that comes from it.
Gradus: step. Gradual: step by step. Gradation: a change by degrees/steps. Graduation: a big step into something new.
List three common building materials, in Latin.
Lignum, Marmor, Lapis, Terra Cocta
Quomodo dicitur Latine “to learn?”
discere
What is the fastigium, and how did it differ from Etruscan to Greek temples?
Fastigium: pediment/gable/triangle part of the roof. Etruscans had fastigium apertum (open) and Greeks had fastigium clausum (closed).
Years were not numbered in Ancient Rome. How did the Romans articulate the year in which something happened?
By naming who was consul at the time
Define the Latin word “caelestis.” Then list and define and English word that comes from it.
Caelestis: relating to sky/heavens. Celestial: relating to sky/planets/stars.
The Greek temple commonly had what three decorative elements above the columns? Name and describe each one.
Metopes (paintings or sculptures) alternated with triglyphs (solid three-paneled blocks) above scuta (shields).
Quid significat “iuvenis et imperitus?”
young and inexperienced
“Urbem latericiam accepi sed marmoream facere volo.” Who said this and what does it mean?
"I received a city of brick but I will leave a city of marble." -Emperor Augustus
Etymology: Explain the Latin origin of the English word “doctor.” What Latin word does it come from, and what’s the connection?
From Latin "doceo / doctus" (to teach / having been taught). Describes someone who is highly taught/educated. Such people often dedicate their lives to learning and teaching. (By extension, medical doctors are highly educated in their field.)
Define the Latin word “striatus.” Then list and define and English word that comes from it.
Striatus: striped or grooved or "fluted." Striated: striped/grooved/fluted.
Name the three parts of the Roman entablature, in order from bottom to top.
Epistylium, zophorum, denticulum
What did the Greeks put in the roof to let light into their temples? Answer in Latin.
cavum
What does “temet nosce” mean, and where was this inscription found?
"Know yourself" – Temple of Apollo at Delphi
Name the five types of column capitals, in order from simplest to most complex.
Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Composite