History of Automatic Translation
When did automatic translation research begin?
In the 20 century
What is the most common device used for automatic translation today?
Smartphones
What type of expressions are hardest to translate automatically?
Idioms and cultural expressions.
“Bite off more than you can chew.”
“Chaynay oladiganingizdan ko‘pni tishlab olmoq” / Transcreation: “O‘z qobiliyatingizdan ortiq ishni qilishga urinish”
Define a metaphor.
A figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable, suggesting a comparison.
What was the Georgetown–IBM experiment?
The first public demonstration of machine translation
How do standalone translation devices differ from mobile apps?
They work independently without full smartphones.
Why are legal and medical texts risky to translate automatically?
Because inaccuracies can cause serious consequences.
“Burn the midnight oil.”
“Tun yog‘ini yoqib ishlamoq” / Transcreation: “Kecha-kunduz ishlamoq / kechasi uzoq ishlash”
No question
You are lucky dears😍
What type of systems were used in early machine translation?
Rule-based systems.
Why are wearable devices important for the future of translation?
They enable real-time and hands-free translation.
Why might automatic translation fail to capture tone or emotion in a text?
Because machines cannot fully understand the speaker’s feelings, subtle nuances, or style of writing.
“Hit the nail on the head.”
“To‘g‘ri va aniq fikr bildirmoq”
Define metonymy.
A figure of speech in which something is referred to by the name of something closely associated with it.
Why were early translation systems limited?.
Because of limited computing power and linguistic data
Evaluate the role of translation devices in modern communication.
They make multilingual communication faster, easier, and more accessible.
What makes cultural differences a challenge for automatic translation?
Different cultures use idioms, humor, and references that machines cannot always interpret correctly, leading to inaccurate or confusing translations.
“Let the cat out of the bag.”
“Mushukni sumkadan chiqarib yubormoq” / Transcreation: “Sirni oshkor qilmoq”
Define simile.
A figure of speech that compares two different things using words such as “like” or “as.”
How has automatic translation developed over time?
From rule-based to statistical and neural machine translation.
No question
You are lucky
Critically evaluate the limitations of automatic translation.
lacks deep cultural and contextual understanding, so human translators are still needed.
“A blessing in disguise.”
“Yashirin duo” / Transcreation: “Ko‘rinishda yomon, ammo oxir-oqibat foydali”
Define oxymoron.
A figure of speech in which contradictory or opposite words are combined to create a rhetorical effect.