Literary Devices
Logical Fallacies
Appealing to Audience
Components of an Argument or Appeal
100

This figure of speech describes one thing as if it were another, often highlighting similarities between the two.

What is a metaphor?

100

This type of logical fallacy occurs when a person attacks the character of their opponent instead of addressing the argument they are making

Ad Hominem Fallacy

100

Understanding the demographics, interests, and values of this group is crucial for tailoring a message that resonates. What is this group called?

The Audience
100

This five-part structure of classical argument includes an introduction, narration, confirmation, refutation, and conclusion.

What is classical argument?

200

The wind whispered through the trees.

What is Personification
200

Person A argues for increased funding for public schools, and Person B responds by saying, "Person A wants to take money away from all other essential services."

Straw Man fallacy 

200

This engaging opening statement or question captures a reader's attention and encourages them to keep reading.

What is a hook

200

This type of word limits or specifies the meaning of a noun, often indicating degree or extent.

What is a qualifying word

300

Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers

Alliteration

300

During a debate about climate change, Person A says, "We should focus on renewable energy sources." Person B replies, "But what about the latest celebrity gossip?"

Non-Sequiter

300

When a speaker uses facts, statistics, and logical reasoning to support their argument, they are primarily appealing to this type of audience response.

What is Logos

300

This approach to argumentation seeks to create a collaborative dialogue rather than a competitive debate, valuing shared understanding.

What is an invitational argument

400

Exaggerated statements not meant to be taken literally. Example: "I’ve told you a million times."

Hyperbole

400

After meeting two rude customers from a particular city, someone claims, "People from that city are all unfriendly."

Hasty Generalization
400

This type of appeal uses emotional language and imagery to evoke feelings in the audience

What is pathos

400

This term describes the approach that emphasizes understanding and respect in a disagreement.

rogerian argument

500

all hands on deck

What is Synechdeche?

500

In a discussion about the importance of voting, one person says, "You should vote because it's important to participate in elections," without providing any further reasoning.

Circular Argument

500

This rhetorical appeal relies on the speaker’s credibility and character to persuade the audience

What is ethos

500

he underlying reasoning that connects the evidence to the claim. It explains why the evidence supports the claim and helps to clarify the logic behind the argument.

What is a warrant

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