Geography
This peninsula forms the southern portion of mainland Greece.
Peloponnese
This Athenian form of government allowed eligible male citizens to vote directly on laws.
Direct Democracy
This empire invaded Greece in response to revolts amongst its people
Persia
27-year conflict between Athens and Sparta and their allies
Peloponnesian War
This leader conquered Greece and eventually took over parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe.
Alexander the Great
These three bodies of water surrounded and connected the Greek world: one to the east, one to the west, and one to the south.
Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, Mediterranean Sea
This Spartan labor class consisted of conquered people forced to work the land and support the Spartan economy.
Helots
These 2 city-states led the Greek resistance against Persia
Athens and Sparta
This city-state defeated Athens and captured the city at the end of the Peloponnesian War.
Sparta
Macedonian Empire
Because Greece was primarily mountainous, communities were separated from one another; this political unit developed as a result.
City-State or Polis
Sea trade allowed this city-state to become to become wealthy compared to its neighbors
Athens
This revolt, supported by Athens threatened the Persians and led to their invasion of Greece
Ionian Revolt
Alliance led by Sparta during the Peloponnesian War
This Theban victory in 371 BCE ended Sparta’s period of dominance and demonstrated the shifting balance of power among Greek city-states.
Leuctra
The presence of numerous islands and accessible seas encouraged this economic activity, allowing Greek communities to exchange olive oil, pottery, and wine for grain, spices, and precious metals.
Sea Trade
Although both societies were patriarchal, Spartan women generally had more legal and economic independence such as this...
Property inheritance
The alliance of Greek city-states aligned with Athens
Delian League
This effect was the root cause of the collapse of Greece, leading to other effects such as labor shortages, disrupted trade, and the decline of democracy
Constant Warfare
Greece’s mountains and fragmented geography contributed to political independence among city-states rather than the development of one centralized kingdom. This means the Greek city-states were not...
Unified/United
While officially a democracy, Athens was not truly democratic for (2 reasons)
Women could not vote, voting rights weren't extended to all males, had slavery.
Describe the impact of the leader Pericles on Athens after the Persian Wars
Democracy expanded, arts and philosophy flourished, Athens became the cultural center of Greece, became wealthy.
This city-state challenged the Spartans, leading to another war after the Peloponnesian Wars
Thebes
These environmental stressors contributed to the decline of Greece
Droughts and poor harvests