Chapter 4
Since prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound nucleus, where is their genetic material housed?
Provide the definition of osmosis
diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane from high concentration of water to low concentration of water
Explain coenzymes/cofactors
non-protein molecules that assist enzymes
What characteristics are needed for molecules to freely diffuse through the plasma membrane?
Must be small and uncharged
How does Mr. Okas start every single class?
"Happy (whatever day it is)"
What are all the components of the Cell Theory?
All organisms are composed of cells
All cells come from pre-existing cells
Cells are the most basic unit of life
Explain turgor pressure and plasmolysis
central vacuole and water either applying outward pressure or water leaving the cell
Explain endergonic and exergonic reactions
endergonic reactions require energy and have products with more free energy
exergonic reactions release energy and have products with less free energy
What are the four things common to all cells?
ribosomes, DNA, cytoplasm, plasma membrane
What is the name of the company that lost a submersible to an implosion while visiting the wreck of the Titanic?
OceanGate
Explain the function of peroxisomes and lysosomes
peroxisomes break down lipids and hydrogen peroxide
lysosomes break down a bit of everything
Hypotonic, Hypertonic, Isotonic
Explain the equations of photosynthesis and cellular respiration
CO2 + H2O --> C6H12O6 + O2
C6H12O6 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O
explain the theory of endosymbiosis and the organelles involved
mitochondria and chloroplasts were bacteria that were engulfed
This Nickelodeon animated show's finale is rated as the 5th best TV episode of all time, according to IMDB
Avatar: The Last Airbender
List and explain the two energy-related organelles. include their "cytoplasm" and inner membranes
Chloroplasts and Mitochondria
Explain the sodium/potassium pump, the type of transport, and the movement of ions
active transport, this carrier protein sends Na out of the cell and potassium into the cell
warm water, optimal pH, substrate concentrations.
Hot temp, extreme pH
Explain every aspect of the fluid mosaic model
phospholipid bilayer, proteins, cholesterol
Abraham Lincoln begins the Gettysburg Address with "Four Score and Seven Years Ago". How long is a "score"?
20 Years
List and explain the functions of each organelle that is a part of the endomembrane system
nucleus (nuclear envelope with pores)
Rough, smooth ER
Golgi apparatus
Name and explain the function for all 6 types of proteins found in and on the plasma membrane
Transport (carrier/channel)
self-recognition glycoproteins
junction
receptor
enzymes
Explain the two types of enzymatic inhibition and the negative feedback example covered in class
competitive and non
end product binding to the first enzyme to stop the metabolic pathway
Explain the redox cycle and the organelles involved
Chloroplasts, mitochondria
CO2, Glucose, O2, H2O
OIL RIG
Ben-Hur, Titanic, and The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King are all tied as the most decorated movies of all time. How many Oscars has each film won?
11