Chapter 40: Caring for People with Disabilities
the buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles of the brain is known as what condition
hydrocephalus
what is a phobia
an anxiety disorder characterized by an extreme, abnormal fear of a situation or object
what is the permanent and progressive loss of mental functions (such as thinking, reasoning, and remember), caused by damage to the brain tissue called?
dementia
what is the most common cause of dementia, characterized by protein deposits in the brain called plaques and tangles
Alzheimer disease
ADL
activity of daily living
what physical characteristics might a person with Down syndrome have?
upward slanting eyes, small hands and short fingers, large tongue in a small mouth, small wide nose, short stature and wide, short neck
an eating disorder characterized by an extremely reduced food intake is called
anorexia nervosa
name 2 common behaviors that might be seen with someone with dementia
wandering, pacing, repetition, rummaging, delusions and hallucinations, agitation, catastrophic reactions, sundowning, inappropriate sexual behaviors
what type of technique stresses the importance of acknowledging the person with dementia's reality and not correcting them or trying to bring them back to the "hear and now"
validation therapy
PTSD
post-traumatic stress disorder
what condition might occur to a baby if exposed to alcohol before birth
fetal alcohol syndrome
one of your patients insists that they are the Blessed Virgin Mary, what are they experiencing?
delusion
delusion= false ideas
hallucination= see, feel, hear something that is not there
what is sundowning?
increased confusion, restlessness, and insecurity that occur late in the day, as it becomes darker outside
what is a catastrophic reaction?
a response to a situation that is more extreme than would normally be expected
OCD
obsessive-compulsive disorder
a person with cerebral palsy might have difficulty with what type of control?
muscle control
name a physical sign or symptom that may be caused by anxiety
sleeplessness, fatigue, increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, change in appetite, restlessness, irritability
when communicating with someone with dementia, what is the best approach to take?
speak clearly, in a calm tone of voice, use reminders at each step of the process, use hand gestures with spoken instructions
name a type of therapy that can help meet the emotional needs of someone with dementia
reminiscence therapy, activity therapy, music therapy, pet therapy
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
when caring for someone with a developmental disability, name something that might be helpful when communicating with them
asking family members what techniques work at home, use simple words/phrases, nonverbal communication such as a nod, smile, or positive body language
Name 2 coping mechanisms that might provide short term relief but are generally ineffective
nail biting, pacing, overeating, not eating enough, smoking, abusing drugs, abusing alcohol
what are the 4 A's of dementia
amnesia, aphasia, agnosia, apraxia
what is the difference between dementia and delirium?
delirium goes away when the underlying cause is treated
ADA
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990