Foundations of Biology
What elements does the polymer cellulose contain?
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a _________________
population
This group is identified by the addition of an -C=O group. Often referred to as a ketone.
What is a carbonyl group
What type of bond might be formed from an atom of an element that has 12 protons?
An ionic bond
Which two nitrogenous bases are considered purines?
guanine and adenine
_____________ are substances that help resist shifts in pH by both donating H+ to a solution when bases are added and accepting H+ when acids are added.
Buffers
Explain why the atomic mass of carbon is slightly over 12 daltons.
Atomic mass is determined by the percentage of the isotopes of each element
Many mammals control their body temperature by sweating. Which property of water is most directly responsible for the ability of sweat to lower body temperature?
the absorption of heat by the breaking of hydrogen bonds
What type of bonds are created during the formation of the primary structure of a protein?
What are peptide bonds
This has a direct cause to the reactivity of an atom
What is the existence of unpaired electrons in the outer shell
What are the two domains that prokaryotes are classified as belonging to?
bacteria and archaea
Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water?
The majority of their bonds are nonpolar
What type of reaction occurs when cells make polymers from monomers?
dehydration/codensation reaction
____________________ requires genetic variation, results in descent with modification, and involves differential reproductive success
What is natural selection
If a DNA sample were composed of 10% thymine, what would be the percentage of guanine?
40%
Explain why each element is unique and different from other elements with respect to its chemical properties.
Each element has a unique number of protons.