Places
Explorers
Effects of Spanish Exploration
Texas Filibusters
Spanish Missions
Terms
100

Cabeza de Vaca told the Spanish Viceroy that Native Americans in Texas told him about “cities of great wealth” supposedly hidden in the mountains in this direction

North

100

In 1542, Cabeza de Vaca published a _____ - a book about his travels in Texas

Memoir

100

These animals, not previously found in Texas, were introduced by the Spanish explorers

Horses

100

A filibusters is a person who enters a foreign country or territory to start or support this

Political Revolution / Rebellion

100

The goals of the Spanish missions were to establish a Spanish foothold in the territories and to convert this group of people to Catholicism and the Spanish way of life

Native Americans

100

This was the name given to Spanish military bases, occupied by soldiers and commanders, stocked with military equipment and horses

Presidios

200

Because none of the Spanish expeditions that ventured into Texas had discovered this valuable resource, the Spanish essentially lost interest in exploring Texas for several decades

Gold

200

This conquistador was the original leader of the expedition Cabeza de Vaca was part of– he died, likely by drowning, off the Texas coast

Panfilo de Narvaez

200

The Spanish exploration of Texas provided them with a strong foundation to claim the lands as part of their _____ empire

Colonial

200

Arriving in Galveston in 1817 with 300 men, this filibuster would end up dying just outside of the presidio La Bahia, after attempting to force the Spanish garrison there to surrender

Henry Perry

200

The missions usually consisted of living quarters for the missionaries, housing for Native Americans, gardens, storage buildings, and one of these

Church

200

Term used to describe a person born in the colony of New Spain, who was of Spanish descent

Creole

300

La Salle and his colonists landed here on accident, instead of along the mouth of the Mississippi River

 Texas
(specifically, Matagorda Bay)

300

An adventurous Catholic Friar, Marcos de Niza was also known as this, when he was selected by the Spanish Viceroy to lead the expedition to “Cibola” in 1539

Fray Marcos

300

Native Americans were vulnerable to these, which were brought over by Europeans and decimated the Native American population

Diseases/Viruses

300

This Spanish creole gentleman was part of multiple filibuster expeditions to Texas during the Mexican War of Independence– as both a leader and an expedition member

Jose Gutierrez de Lara

300

Due to the abundance of surface water (especially rivers), this region contained the majority of Spanish missions in Texas that were NOT found along the Rio Grande River

The Coastal Plains Region

300

Religious communities staffed by missionary priests and religious officials, as well as colonists– and soldiers for protection

Missions

400

The men of the Coronado Expedition became the first Europeans to see the Grand Canyon, as well as this smaller canyon– called the “Grand Canyon of Texas”, located in the Texas panhandle

Palo Duro Canyon

400

This Spanish explorer died while unsuccessfully chasing rumors of gold– his men would make it to Texas with his second in command, Luis de Moscoso

Hernando de Soto

400

The huge territory of Texas provided a “buffer zone” between the settlements in _____ & those being established by other European powers

New Spain

400

This filibuster was neither a Tejano nor an American– but he landed on Galveston Island in 1816, hoping to invade Mexico and support the revolution

Francisco Xavier Mina

400

The first Spanish missions were built in the late 1600s, along the upper regions of this river, a major river that begins in New Mexico and runs along the Texas-Mexico border

Rio Grande

400

This term was used to refer to individuals who lived in New Spain but were born in Spain, on the continent of Europe

Peninsulares

500

With its systems of dams and irrigation canals, this was the most complex, well-developed Spanish settlement in Texas– today, it’s a major Texas city

San Antonio de Bexar

500

In 1541, this Spanish conquistador left Mexico and headed north in what would become one of the most famous expeditions led by a conquistador in North America

Francisco Vasquez de Coronado

500

The exchange of plants, animals, peoples, and disease– between the Americas and the continents of Europe and Africa is known as this

The Colombian Exchange

500

While this man never claimed to be a filibuster, he died after battling the Spanish, who were convinced he was not just a horse trader

Philip Nolan

500

Spanish missions were typically located along these natural landforms, in order for the mission to be able to sustain itself

Bodies of Water

500

Individuals of Spanish descent, who were born in Texas, were known as this

Tejanos

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