Chapter 10: Communicable Diseases
microbes that can cause illness are known as
pathogens
What are harmless microbes that help the body function called?
what is a disease-producing microbe that is transmitted to another person through blood or body fluids called?
bloodborne pathogen
Name a bloodborne pathogen
what is the most important method of preventing the spread of infection?
proper hand hygiene
How long should you wash your hands
name 2 fall hazards within a client's home
worn carpet, uneven floor, dimly lit rooms, no handrails in bathroom, lifetime of collectables/clutter, pets
when one or more coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle is completely obstructed it is called a
myocardial infarction (MI) "heart attack"
Name a treatment option for MI
bacteria that need oxygen to live are called
aerobic bacteria
Bacteria that don't need oxygen to live are called?
what does CDC stand for?
Central Dog Containment
a patient who has a pathogen that is transmitted directly by touching the person or indirectly by touching fomites would require what type of transmission-based precautions?
contact precautions
what is a fomite?
name 2 fire hazards within a client's home
old wiring, overloaded outlets, cords covered by rugs, space heaters, wood burning stoves, no functioning smoke detectors, extension cords
name 2 of the factors that can have a positive impact on cardiovascular health
manage blood pressure, control cholesterol, reduce blood sugar, get active, eat better, lose weight, stop smoking
infections such as the common cold or the flu are usually caused by
viruses
Name an infection caused by bacteria
this type of precautions should be used with every patient or resident every time
standard precautions
pathogens that remain infectious when suspended in the air are what considered what type?
airborne pathogens
where do you dispose of used syringes, needles, lancets, and disposable razors?
OSHA-approved sharps container
which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?
Left ventricle
Via what artery?
how many elements within the chain of infection do you needs to remove in order to stop the spread of the infection?
1
Name all the elements in the chain of infection
if you suspect your patient has tuberculosis (TB), what type of infection control precautions should you take?
airborne precautions
Describe what you would do to comply with airborne precautions
a patient who has a pathogen that is transmitted by direct exposure to droplets released from the mouth or nose would require which type of transmission-based precautions?
droplet precautions
Name a disease that would require droplet precautions
using the bag technique, where do you first place your tote bag after entering a client's home?
on a clean surface after laying down a clean barrier
If transporting a specimen from a client's home, where would you store it
the heart's valves serve what purpose?
making sure that blood flows through the heart in the proper direction, prevent backflow
Name the valves in the heart
what does MDRO stand for?
Mad Doctors Ruin Offices
Name a MDRO
what does AIDS stand for?
Apples In Dip Sauce
What virus causes AIDS
Name 2 situations where hand washing is required instead of using an alcohol-based rub
Arrive at facility, hands are visibly soiled, contact with blood/body fluids, before and after drinking/eating, leaving facility, coughing/sneezing, using bathroom
Name 2 situations where alcohol-based rub is appropriate instead of hand washing
Name 2 things to keep in mind when preparing food at a client's home
expiration dates on food, wash fruits and vegetables, avoid using cracked eggs, wash hands before and after raw meat/poultry, use clean spoon each time if taste testing, prepare the food according to their dietary orders
thrombophlebitis
a blood clot causing inflammation in the lining of the vein
thromb/o = blood clot
phleb/o = vein
-itis = inflammation
Arteriosclerosis= ??