Chapter 10: Communicable Diseases
microbes that can cause illness are known as
pathogens
what is a disease-producing microbe that is transmitted to another person through blood or body fluids called?
bloodborne pathogen
what is the most important method of preventing the spread of infection?
proper hand hygiene
name a fall risk within a client's home
worn carpet, uneven floor, dimly lit rooms, no handrails in bathroom, lifetime of collectables/clutter, pets
when the blood supply to the heart muscle is completely obstructed it is called a
myocardial infarction (MI) "heart attack"
bacteria that need oxygen to live are called
aerobic bacteria
what does CDC stand for?
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
a patient who has a pathogen that is transmitted directly by touching the person or indirectly by touching fomites would require what type of transmission-based precautions?
contact precautions
name a fire hazard within a client's home
old wiring, overloaded outlets, cords covered by rugs, space heaters, wood burning stoves, no functioning smoke detectors, extension cords
which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?
left ventricle
infections such as the common cold or the flu are usually caused by
viruses
this type of precautions should be used with every patient or resident every time
standard precautions
pathogens that remain infectious when suspended in the air are what considered what type?
airborne pathogens
where do you dispose of used syringes, needles, lancets, and disposable razors?
OSHA-approved sharps container
what is the purpose of the heart's valves?
making sure that blood flows through the heart in the proper direction, prevent backflow
how many elements within the chain of infection do you needs to remove in order to stop the spread of the infection?
1
if you suspect your patient has tuberculosis (TB), what type of infection control precautions should you take?
airborne precautions
a patient who has a pathogen that is transmitted by direct exposure to droplets released from the mouth or nose would require which type of transmission-based precautions?
droplet precautions
using the bag technique, where do you first place your tote bag after entering a client's home?
on a clean surface after laying down a clean barrier
name one of the factors that can have a positive impact on cardiovascular health
manage blood pressure, control cholesterol, reduce blood sugar, get active, eat better, lose weight, stop smoking
what does MDRO stand for?
multidrug-resistant organism
what virus causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
what is the most common method of transmission for hospital acquired infections?
through the hands of health care workers
where should dirty mop water be emptied?
toilet
thrombophlebitis
a blood clot causing inflammation in the lining of the vein
thromb/o = blood clot
phleb/o = vein
-itis = inflammation