Vocabulary
When the two alleles given by each parent are the same, we would say that the organism is _______ in that aspect.
homozygous
[GG x gg]
G = green
g = yellow
This is the likelihood of having a green offspring.
4/4 (100%)
[HHBB]
The four allele combinations for this parent would be this.HB / HB / HB / HB
This is the intended purpose of CRISPR.
To cut out and re-write incorrect sections of genetic code within an organism.
Gregor Mendel is known as "The Father of (this)".
Modern Genetics
When a physical trait is only expressed when two alleles (one from each parent) are present, it is considered this.
recessive
[HH x Hh]
H = long hair
h = short hair
This is the theoretical probability of an offspring having short hair.
0/4 (0%)
[AaBB]
The four allele combinations for this parent would be this.
AB / AB / aB / aB
PCR is unique for its ability to utilize these kind of samples from subjects or patients.
small
Known as "The Free Encyclopedia", this website is infamous in the educational world for its academic unreliability. "Anyone could've written anything on there!"
Wikipedia
This is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein.
gene
[Rr x Rr]
R = rough fur
r = smooth fur
This is theoretical probability of the offspring having rough fur.3/4 (75%)
B = black fur; b = brown fur
R = rough fur; r = smooth fur
A rabbit with the allele combination Bbrr would have this kind of fur.
black, smooth
This circular structure of genetic information is what scientists manipulate in bacteria when conducting genetic engineering.
plasmid
Genetic diversity can increase from things like meiotic processes and these accidental mistakes that take place during DNA replication.
mutations
This is the actual physical expression resulting from the alleles given to the offspring by each parent. Not the letters.
[Tt x tt]
T = tall
t = short
This is the theoretical probability that the offspring will be heterozygous.2/4 (50%)
B = black fur; b = brown fur
R = rough fur; r = smooth fur
A rabbit with the allele combination BbRr would have this kind of fur.
black, rough
Similar to the DNA replication that takes place within our cells, PCR utilizes a heat-resistant form of this enzyme to build new strands.
DNA Polymerase (Taq Polymerase)
Gregor Mendel decided to use pea plants for his research on genetic hybridization due to their ability to be easily pollinated an controlled, easily-identifiable either/or characteristics, and this.
Their relatively-fast rate of growth. (about 2-3 months)
If two different alleles, when paired together, are both physically expressed, we would say that have this kind of relationship.
co-dominant (codominance)
[CBCR x CBCR]
CB = blue
CR = red
This is the likelihood of an offspring being purple in this codominant cross.
B = black fur; b = brown fur
R = rough fur; r = smooth fur
Look at the dihybrid cross section below:
BR Br bR br
Br | ? ? ? ?
The theoretical likelihood of an offspring having black, smooth fur is this.
2/4 (50%)
PCR (or Polymerase Chain Reactions) copies specific portions of the human genome for disease testing and for this other investigative field of study.
We never trust companies either. Mainly for this reason.
They often manipulate science to achieve biased/fixed results that align with their bottom line (monetary profit).