Taxonomy
Evolution
Natural Selection
Speciation
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100
What level of classification do zebras and humans share?
They share domain, kingdom, phylum and class
100
What is evolution?
Change in species over time that shows that modern species are descended from past species
100
Define directional selection and give an example
Directional selection is a type of natural selection in which individuals at one extreme of a population have higher fitness than those in the middle and other extreme of the population
(example: giraffe necks)
100
This type of speciation happens due to a physical separation of populations
What is allopatric speciation?
100
This type of population is most likely to be effected by genetic drift
What are small populations?
200
What is taxonomy?
Naming and classifying organisms based on shared characteristics
200
Which scientist is most closely related to evolution?
Charles Darwin
200
When organisms are more suited for their environment, and are able to survive and reproduce, they are considered this term.
What is fit?
200
Suppose there are three similar species of orchids that live in the same rain forest. They only bloom for one day and that is their only opportunity to be pollinated. This type of isolation is the most likely barrier to them reproducing.
Temporal isolation
200
This is caused by migration of individuals from one population to another
What is Gene Flow?
300
Which species on this phylogenetic tree is most closely related to turtles?
Geckos
300
True or False: Traits acquired by individuals over their lifetime passed down to their offspring, for example birds that exercise their wings by flying a lot will pass stronger wings down to their offspring.
False. Traits acquired later in life are not passed down through genetics.
300
True or False: A trait must be beneficial to be passed down to the next generation
False. Many traits evolve through random chance and are passed down, even if they are not positive
300
What is the criteria for organisms that branched off from a common ancestor to be considered two different species officially
They can no longer produce viable offspring
300
Darwin theorized that species vary and fill different roles in the environment. He stated that species vary over time, locally and...
What is globally?
400
Chimpanzees (8.8 is the lowest number, which means there is only an 8.8% difference in the DNA sequences)
400
Some organisms have similar features even though they aren't closely related and do not have a common ancestor with those features. Describe a vocabulary term that explains these commonalities.
What are analogous features?
(They serve a similar function to other lifeforms, but come from a different ancestral path.)
400
Natural selection and what other 4 processes/factors can lead to evolution
Natural Selection
Genetic Drift
Gene Flow
Mutations
Non random Mating
400
Pre-zygotic isolation occurs when there is some factor that prevents species from mating with each other (examples could be size, location, or behaviors)
This type of isolation occurs when the offspring produced by two different species are not viable/fertile
Post-zygotic isolation
(ligers, mules etc.)
400
These two of the five fingers of evolution are most likely involved in bacteria gaining resistance to antibiotics when heavily exposed to them
Mutation and Natural Selection
500
This cladogram is comparing the genetic similarity of amino acids between different species and humans.Draw this cladogram and add a cat that has 91.3% similarity and a penguin that has 78% similarity
You should have dogs and cats on the same branch and put penguins between fruit flies and the dog/cat branch.
500
What was the order that chordates evolved in throughout time?
Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals
500
This is the type of natural selection that is most likely to lead to speciation
What is disruptive selection?
500
Suppose there was a population of flies living in an orchard that laid their eggs on the hawthorn trees, but some started to lay their eggs in the apple trees. Over time, these two groups of flies have become reproductively isolated and are on their way to becoming separate species. This is the type of speciation being described.
What is sympatric speciation?
500
Artificial selection is similar to natural selection due to traits being passed down in a way that is not random. Name some differences between artificial and natural selection.
What is human involvement?