1
a phoneme that is not a vowel and is pronounced with at least partial obstruction of the airway
Consonant
the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words
Alliteration
a phoneme that is not a consonant and is pronounced with no obstruction of the airway
Vowel
Repetition of the same sounds in the medial vowel and any final consonants in two or more words
Rhyming
words that can be read immediately (by sight)
Sight words
an instructional practice that teaches the relationship between graphemes and phonemes for use in reading and spelling
Phonics
he smallest meaningful unit in a writing
Grapheme
a meaningful unit of a language that cannot be further divided
Morpheme
the smallest individual unit of sound in speech
Phoneme
the understanding that spoken words are composed of separate spoken sounds, or phonemes
phonological awareness
2 consonants that, together, represent a separate and new phoneme, not represented by either of the individual consonant letters
sh ch ph
consonant digraph
a sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable, in which the sound begins as one vowel and moves toward another
diphthong
the part of a syllable that consists of a vowel and any consonant sounds that come after it
rime
the initial phonological unit of any word
onset
2 or more adjacent consonant letter that retain their phonemic quality but are pronounced together in a blended fashion
ex. st
consonant blend
breaking words down into individual sounds or syllables
segmenting
the ability to modify, change, or move the individual sounds in a word
phoneme manipulation
seeing the letter and knowing the sound that goes with it
letter sound correspondence
combining the different sounds to make a word
blending
words that occur frequently
high frequency words
word that follow a phonic pattern
decodable words
students are the active participants while the teacher models
explicit instruction
the understanding that sounds in spoken words can be repeated consistently by specific written letters or symbols
alphabetic principle
written spelling structure of language
orthography
words that does not follow normal phonics pattern
irregular words