Ch. 15
local spoken language
vernacular
In The Prince, Machiavelli argues that
the ends justify the means
the first Protestant faith
Lutheranism
Anabaptists were viewed as dangerous radicals because they believed that
the state should not have any role in church affairs
intellectual movement based on the study of the literature of ancient Greece and Rome
humanism
The main goal of a humanistic education was to
teach people how to lead good lives.
radical reformers who believed in complete separation of church and state
Anabaptists
The English Reformation differed from the Reformation in the rest of Europe because it
was rooted in politics rather than religion.
painting done on fresh wet plaster with water-based paints
fresco
Leonardo da Vinci was a good example of Renaissance Italy's social ideal because he
was a painter, sculptor, architect, inventor, and mathematician.
belief that God has determined in advance who will be saved and who will be damned
predestination
Martin Luther published his Ninety-five Theses to attack the Catholic Church for its
abuses in the sale of indulgences.
a form of government in which the leader is not a monarch and certain citizens have the right to vote
republic
States were able to function independently because
Italy did not have a strong central government.
a movement that combined classical learning and individualism with the goal of reforming the Catholic Church
Christian humanism
The Peace of Augsburg changed Christianity in Germany by
allowing German states to choose between Lutheranism and Catholicism.
state that was the cultural center of Italy
Florence
In Renaissance Italy, most people lived in
large urban communities.
decreed that Martin Luther was an outlaw in the Holy Roman Empire
Edict of Worms
Lutherans and Calvinists did not agree on the issue of
predestination.