Systems
Is asthma classified as an obstructive or restrictive respiratory disorder?
Restrictive
What is the generic name for Coumadin?
Warfarin
What is the referred range for sodium?
135-145
What should you be most concerned about when a patient has abdominal pain and a stiff abdomen?
What do these ABG results show?
pH 7.49, PaCO2 22, HCO3- 17
Peritonitis
How does surfactant work?
Its primary function is to reduce the surface tension of the alveoli, allowing for easier breathing and preventing lung collapse.
What is Barrett’s Esophagus and what is it a sign of?
A chronic condition wherein the tissue in the esophagus changes to resemble that which is found in the small intestine. It is usually a sign of GERD.
What class of drug is best for managing airway inflammation long term?
*BONUS* what class of drug is best for managing acute respiratory attacks?
Glucocorticoids
Bronchodilators
What’s the referred range for ALT/AST?
8-20
What are the two MUST ASK questions to ask a patient during a suicide screening? What follow up question do you ask if the patient answers yes to any of the first two questions?
How do baroreceptors respond to a drop in blood pressure?
Decreased BP → baroreceptors stimulate SNS → constriction of peripheral arterioles, increased HR & increased contractility of the heart
What are the distinctions between type 1 and 2 diabetes?
In type 1, the body is unable to produce insulin. It is not caused by lifestyle habits and is genetic.
In type 2, the body experiences
Describe the MOA for an SSRI
Selectively block neuronal reuptake of serotonin
What is the referred range for HCO3 (Bicarb)
22-26
What pulse should you not assess bilaterally?
Carotid pulse
How is TSH used to help diagnose a thyroid disorder?
the pituitary gland, which regulates thyroid hormone production, receives feedback from the thyroid gland and reduces TSH secretion when thyroid hormone levels are already elevated, and increases TSH secretion when levels are decreased.
what is the difference between diverticulitis and diverticula?
Diverticula are small pouches that form in the lining of the colon, while diverticulitis is when those pouches become inflamed or infected
What is a normal side effect of rifampin that patients are usually alarmed by if they don’t know to expect it?
Bodily fluids turning orange-red
What’s the referred range for RBCs?
3.2-5.2
What are the four ways you describe a pulse?
Force, rate, rhythm, equality
What is an addisonnian crisis and why is it dangerous?
Caused by a sudden drop in hormones released by the adrenal glands (cortisol and aldosterone), usually due to stopping medication regimen suddenly. This causes extreme hypotension, hyponatremia, and is considered a life threatening emergency.
Why is it essential to wean a patient off of long term steroid medications?
When pts are on long term systemic glucocorticoids, adrenals decrease their production of glucocorticoids. If therapy is stopped suddenly such as switching from PO to inhaled, the patient CAN DIE!!!!!
What’s the time for a normal PT (prothrombin time)
10-14 seconds
Force, rate, rhythm, equality
What is often the first sign of hypoxia in older patients?
Confusion, delirium, AMS