CONTROL
Behavior maps directly from detectors on cell membrane to action.
Single-Celled Organisms
During this time children learn 2-4 new words per day to their productive vocabulary, and twice that for understanding.
Critical Stage: 3-5 years old
•How sounds are organized and used in language
Phonology
What is habituation learning?
It is the diminution of a behavioral response with repeated stimulation.
Ex: the first time you hear a loud noise, you might jump, but afterward you stop jumping.
Why do people believe some cognitive myths?
Wishful thinking (People like to believe in the paranormal). People want to make money from you.
The distraction cycle
Boredom drives more frequent task switching
Rapid, unpredictable rewards
You get more easily bored
(repeat) its a cycle
teaching style that matches the amount of assistance to the learner’s needs.
Scaffolding
Also called “Zoosemiotics”
Works through gesture, expression, gaze following, vocalization, olfactory communication, and electric, colouration
Function: dominance, courtship, ownership, food alert, alarm, metacommuniation
Animal Communication
3 forms of Biological Evolution
Natural Selection
Sexual Selection
Artificial Selection (e.g., breeding)
TRUE OR FALSE: We Only Use 10% of Our Brains.
FALSE.
We use all of our brains. Evolution would not "waste" energy building vast parts of your brain you don't use.
Improving Habits (caused by? possibly changed by?)
Triggered by:Humans, Activity, Bearings,Internal State, Time
- So you can change habits
by altering your exposure to
triggers
Even Better: replace with new habits
for the same triggers (take a walk when stressed instead of smoking)
The mind has a bunch of switches that get set when you learn a language as a child
Universal Grammar theory
Disciplines of Linguistics
Phonology, Morphology, Syntax, Semantics, Pragmatics
Simple reflex action to symbolic processing.
Progress is seen on 3 fronts:
•Adapting to and exploring the environment
•Understanding objects (Object permanence)
•Using symbols (gesturing)
Sensorimotor Stage (birth-2)
When someone imitates something because it is the best idea.
What is content bias?
Wanting/compulsion/motivation system:
dopamine system
Jean Piaget’s Developmental Stages
Sensorimotor (birth – 2)
Preoperational (2 - 6)
Concrete Operational (7 - 11)
Formal Operational (11 – death)
a formal, normative system of reasoning.
Logic
Language - Structural Description
a set of symbols that can be arranged in certain ways
(Dreaming) Interference from the World?
Dreaming you need to urinate
dreaming of teeth falling out (which 70% of people do during sleep) caused by dental irritation
Starting Good Habits
More effective when you start when there is a life change (breakup, moving, new semester, special date)
Works better with a repeating, specific cue “I will exercise every morning before breakfast”
Break it into small pieces that grow over time
Have a community (support, friends,family)
the difference between what a child can do alone and from what they can do with some assistance
(Lev Vygotsky)
Zone of proximal development
5 types of language
Structural description: a set of symbols that can be arranged in certain ways
Functional description: a complex code by which agents can communicate information
Natural Language: Created
Artificial Language: Created
Computer Language: artificial
Interpreting, generating, storing, or retrieving images
What is Visual Processing?
what is Anchoring?
The “anchor” is what you compare to when you evaluate.
Restaurants will put a very expensive item on the menu, to make the others look reasonable.