Year 10 Environmental Studies

Definitions

100

Define the term 'flood'

an overflow of a large amount of water beyond its normal limits, especially over what is normally dry land.

200

Define the term drought

a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water.

300

Define the term 'Environment' 

1. the natural world, as a whole or in a particular geographical area, especially as affected by human activity.

2. the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.

 

400

Define a 'marine park' and give 1 reason as to why it would be established and 2 recreational activities people might do in a Marine Park

An area that is part of the ocean protected by the government to preserve a threatened ecosystem or habitat. Marine parks are often recreational areas

Marine parks help to conserve marine biodiversity within an area, while at the same time providing for many other activities, such as diving, boating, fishing and tourism.

500

Define a 'national park' and give 2 reasons of why they would be established. 

National Park: an area set aside by a national government for the preservation of the natural environment. It may be set aside for public recreation and enjoyment or for its historical or scientific interest while keeping most landscapes and their accompanying plants and animals in their natural state. 

Global Warming

100

What causes Coral Bleaching?

When water is too warm, corals will expel the algae (zooxanthellae) living in their tissues causing the coral to turn completely white.

200

Name 2 causes of drought in Australia

unusually low precipitation levels, prolonged high temperatures and strong winds that can enhance evaporation.

300

Explain the Greenhouse Effect

the trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere, due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface.

400

Define a bushfire and name 3 ways it could start

A bushfire is an unplanned vegetation fire. It is a generic term that includes grass fires, forest fires and scrub fires.

A bushfire could start due to natural causes or by people (accidentally or on purpose). Weather conditions 

 lightning strikes

500

Name 3 causes of floods in Australia and 2 consequences of floods in Australia

Causes: heavy or long-lasting rainfall, which can make rivers exceed their capacity and overflow. In coastal areas flooding can be caused by tsunamis, very high tides, or tropical cyclones, which cause surges of seawater. 

Negative consequences: threaten lives, inundate properties and businesses, destroy belongings, damage vital infrastructure and prevent access to essential public services. 

Positive consequences: flooding at the right time can help to provide irrigation to crops and improve the growth of pasture to feed livestock.

Protecting the Environment

100

Who was the leader of the National Greens Party when it was formed

Bob Brown

200

Why was Budi Bim added to the UNESCO World Heritage List? Give 2 reasons  

• it contains one of the world's oldest and most extensive aquaculture systems 
• was developed by the Gunditjmara Aboriginal people over 6,600 years ago
• Has a complex networks of channels, dams, and weirs used to trap and farm eels
• Evidence of permanent stone settlements, showing that Aboriginal people lived there year-round
• Sophisticated engineering that demonstrates advanced knowledge of water management and aquaculture
• It represents one of the earliest examples of intensive aquaculture in the world, challenging previous assumptions about Aboriginal societies being purely nomadic

 

300

What were the 3 original aims of ICAN? 

• To be Global
• To engage young people
• To argue that Nuclear weapons were not acceptable 

400

Why did the Wilderness Society oppose the Building of the Franklin Dam on the Gordon River? Give 4 reasons

• It would harm the environment by:
  • Flooding beautiful, untouched wilderness
  • Destroying the homes of rare animals and plants
  • Damaging pristine rivers and rainforest
• It would destroy important Aboriginal history:
  • Ancient Aboriginal caves would be flooded
  • Some of these caves contained tools and art from 20,000 years ago
  • This history would be lost forever underwater
• The area was too special to lose:
  • The Gordon and Franklin Rivers were famous for their beauty
  • The rainforest was one of the last of its kind in the world
  • The region was so unique it later became World Heritage listed

500

What did the Whitlam government do to protect the Great Barrier Reef in 1975 and why did they do it

The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park was created by the Australian Government in 1975 to save the reef from oil drilling and mineral extraction while permitting other activities like fishing and tourism in specified areas.

Politics

100

Who is the Prime Minister of Australia and the Premier of Victoria?

Anthony Albanese and Jacinta Allan

200

What does NGO stand for?

Non-Government Organisation 

300

What are the 3 levels of Government within Australia?

Federal, State and Local

400

Name 2 key features that make up the Australian system of government 

Democracy, representative democracy, Constitution, Constitutional monarchy, federation of states

500

What are 2 key features of a constitutional democracy? 

In a constitutional monarchy a king or queen is the head of state but has limited power. They must follow the country’s constitution and follow accepted practices known as conventions. Australia's head of state is His Majesty King Charles III. The Governor-General is appointed to act on behalf of the King in Australia.   

Examples of other constitutional monarchies include Belgium, Tonga and Sweden.

If you dare

100

What is the capital city of Victoria?

Melbourne

200

What is the capital city of New South Wales and Queensland 

Sydney and Brisbane

300

Name the capital city of Victoria and Queensland

Melbourne and Brisbane

400

Name the capital cities of Tasmania, New South Wales and Australian Capital Territory

Hobart, Sydney and Canberra

500

Name the capital cities of Western Australia, Northern Territory and South Australia

Perth, Darwin and Adelaide